Experts have studied the impact of omega-3 fatty acids found in fish oil on cognitive functions in older adults. While no significant benefits were observed for all study participants, those carrying the APOE4 gene, which is linked to an increased risk of developing Alzheimer's disease, showed a reduction in the death of nerve cells in the brain.
The study involved 102 individuals aged 75 and older with low levels of omega-3 fatty acids in their blood. Participants underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at the beginning and end of a three-year study to assess changes in the white matter of the brain, which is responsible for nutrient transport through blood vessels.
Half of the participants took omega-3 enriched fish oil supplements, while the other half received a placebo based on soybean oil. The results indicated a slight reduction in the progression of white matter lesions in the first group, but this difference was not statistically significant.
However, in APOE4 carriers who took fish oil, researchers noted a significant decrease in the disruption of brain cell integrity just one year after the treatment began, suggesting potential benefits of such supplements for this group of individuals.
Researchers emphasize that larger studies involving diverse population groups are needed to confirm these results. Nevertheless, this data could serve as a foundation for developing new approaches to preventing Alzheimer's disease.